The Hazard and Risk Prevention Plan system in the construction industry is based on the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle, primarily focusing on the planning (Plan) phase; however, effective safety management requires iterative implementation, review, and improvement phases. This study evaluates the practical operability of the system through Focus Group Interviews (FGIs) and surveys, analyzing perceptions and operational status to identify limitations and propose improvements. The results indicate that the implementation and review phases are considered more critical than the planning phase, yet the practical usability in the field is relatively low due to issues in the planning phase (e.g., excessive volume and redundancy of content) and systemic barriers preventing effective on-site application. To address these challenges, the study suggests sharing plans with subcontractors and construction personnel, ensuring their on-site application, and enhancing safety managers’ recognition of regulatory measures to improve the system’s overall effectiveness.